If you’re thinking about replacing or installing a new HVAC system soon, a major industry shift is coming that could influence your plans. Beginning January 1, 2026, all newly installed residential and light commercial HVAC units must use low–global warming potential (GWP) refrigerants. This update is part of a nationwide effort to cut down on climate-impacting emissions and move the HVAC industry toward more sustainable, modern solutions.

To help you stay prepared, here’s a clear breakdown of what’s changing and how it may affect your home.

Why Refrigerants Are Changing

For years, commonly used refrigerants like R‑410A and R‑404A have been excellent at cooling but carry very high global warming potential. In practical terms, that means they trap far more heat in the atmosphere than CO₂. As part of the EPA’s Technology Transitions Rule under the AIM Act, the federal government is phasing out these high‑GWP refrigerants in favor of more environmentally friendly options.

While this shift impacts commercial operations, it also directly affects homeowners—especially anyone considering an HVAC replacement in the next year or two.

What to Expect in 2026

Starting in 2026, all newly installed HVAC systems will need to use a low-GWP refrigerant. This builds on a requirement already in place in 2025 that prevents manufacturers from producing new units using older refrigerants. There was some flexibility during 2025, as previously manufactured systems could still be installed, but that ends on January 1, 2026.

If your current system uses an older refrigerant, you won’t be forced to replace it right away. However, as production shifts toward compliant technologies, parts and refrigerants for legacy systems will become harder to source and more expensive to maintain.

What Are A2L Refrigerants?

The new generation of refrigerants, including popular options like R‑454B and R‑32, fall into a classification known as A2L. These refrigerants are formulated to be more environmentally responsible while maintaining strong cooling performance.

“A2L” refers to refrigerants that are low in toxicity and mildly flammable. Although the idea of any level of flammability may sound concerning, these refrigerants are actually less flammable than many substances already in your home—such as those commonly used in household appliances.

Systems designed for A2L refrigerants include added safety features like specialized leak detection sensors, ventilation enhancements, and equipment engineered to meet updated building and fire codes.

Efficiency and Cost Impacts

Switching to a low-GWP system isn’t just about meeting regulations—it can also provide long‑term savings. Many systems that use these newer refrigerants demonstrate equal or improved energy efficiency compared to older alternatives. Manufacturers are refining their system designs to enhance performance and reduce operating costs.

While the initial cost of an upgraded HVAC system may be somewhat higher, the efficiency gains often offset the difference over time. Plus, as older parts and refrigerants become more scarce, repairs for outdated systems are expected to become increasingly expensive, making the move to modern equipment even more appealing.

Can You Convert an Existing System?

Unfortunately, retrofitting an older system to use a low-GWP refrigerant isn’t a safe or viable option. Systems built for A1 refrigerants like R‑410A simply aren’t designed to operate with A2L alternatives. The refrigerants differ in operating pressures, lubrication requirements, and necessary safety compliance.

Attempting to convert a non‑A2L system may void your warranty, conflict with local building codes, or create a safety risk. The best approach is to install a system that is specifically engineered for low-GWP refrigerants.

Other Important Compliance Updates

In addition to refrigerant requirements, the 2026 rules introduce enhanced leak detection and reporting standards—particularly for systems with large refrigerant charges. Units containing more than 1,500 pounds of refrigerant must incorporate automatic leak detection technology. The leak repair threshold is also tightening, dropping from 50 pounds to 15 pounds in many cases.

The EPA is also reducing the allowable amount of virgin HFC content in reclaimed refrigerants to no more than 15% beginning in 2026. Commercial facilities and service providers will need to maintain detailed records of refrigerant handling, repairs, and leak histories to comply with the updated rules.

Although these standards primarily affect commercial applications, homeowners with multiple units or larger systems should stay aware of these changes, particularly in multi‑unit properties or more complex HVAC configurations.

How Homeowners Can Prepare

If your current HVAC system is aging or struggling to keep up, this is a great time to begin exploring your replacement options. Delaying too long could mean reduced availability or higher prices as manufacturers shift their production toward fully compliant systems.

When choosing a contractor, look for one certified and trained to work with A2L refrigerants. This ensures your system is installed safely and in accordance with the latest building and fire codes. Be sure to ask about efficiency ratings, applicable rebates or tax incentives, and whether the system you're considering meets upcoming 2026 requirements.

Plan Proactively and Save

The transition to low‑GWP refrigerants represents a significant step toward environmental responsibility—one that also offers meaningful benefits for homeowners who plan ahead. By upgrading before the deadline, you can avoid supply shortages, stay compliant with new regulations, and enjoy improved energy performance for years to come.

If you’re thinking about installing a new HVAC system or exploring upgrade options for your home, [insert scheduling link] and mention this blog to receive 10% off your next service.